Russian Operations Against Europe Dataset, 2022-2025

Descriptive data on Russian operations in and against Europe since its invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The dataset's focus is on operations / incidents in the physical domain, such as sabotage, assassination and certain types of influence operations. Most cyber attacks and espionage operations are not included for this reason, unless they had a physical effect (e.g., a cyber attack that caused physical sabotage, or an influence campaign that targeted specific individuals rather than a broad online audience). The primary purpose of this dataset is to provide such an overview and use it to inform the public debate on the threat posed by Russia.