Increased expression of immune regulatory mediators independently detects tuberculosis in advanced HIV

Tuberculosis (TB) is the major cause of death in HIV-infected individuals. However, diagnosis of TB in HIV remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine the performance of published gene signatures in distinguishing active TB in advanced HIV. We concluded that gene expression of FcGR1A and BATF2, and plasma protein levels of IFNγ and CXCL10 can singly classify active TB in HIV-infected with advanced HIV. Case-control study of whole blood RNA-Seq and plasma cytokine/chemokine analysis of HIV-infected individuals with CD4+ T cell count of <100 cells/µl (advanced HIV), with and without active TB.