Climate Mode Datasets and Generating Codes from CMIP6 Pre-Industrial Control Simulations and Observations

Using pre-industrial control (piControl) simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), we produce eight commonly examined climate modes: Eastern Pacific El Niño (EP-El Niño), Central Pacific El Niño (CP-El Niño), Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Subsurface Dipole Mode (SDM), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and Southern Annular Mode (SAM). These modes were derived from 23 CMIP6 models, each providing over 500 years of simulation data, ensuring robust statistical insights into their spatial and temporal structures. The resulting climate mode datasets offer a consistent, long-term baseline for analyzing internal climate variability and have been validated against observational data, showing broad-scale consistency. They are intended to support studies on climate mode interactions, model evaluation, attribution analysis, and climate variability diagnostics. Details regarding the generated NetCDF files are provided in the accompanying README file.