Diurnal transcriptome landscape of a multi-tissue response to time-restricted feeding in mammals

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is an emerging behavioral nutrition intervention that involves a daily cycle of feeding and fasting. In both animals and humans, TRF has pleiotropic health benefits that arise from multiple organ systems, yet the molecular basis of TRF-mediated benefits is not well understood. Here we subjected mice to isocaloric ad libitum feeding (ALF) or TRF of a Western diet and examined gene expression changes in samples taken from 22 peripheral organs and brain regions collected every 2 h over a 24-h period. We discovered that TRF profoundly impacts gene expression. Nearly 80% of all genes show differential expression or rhythmicity under TRF in at least one tissue. Functional annotation of these changes revealed tissue- and pathway-specific impacts of TRF. These findings and resources provide a critical foundation for future mechanistic studies, and will help to guide human time-restricted eating (TRE) interventions to treat various disease conditions with or without pharmacotherapies.

Dataset-1: TMM normalized counts of diurnal mRNA expression in 22 tissues from mice subjected to ad-libitum feeding (ALF) or 9 hr time-restricted feeding (TRF) of Western diet.

Dataset-2: DE analysis for all 22 tissues using edgeR.

Dataset-3: Rhythmic analysis for all 22 tissues under ALF and TRF conditions using Metacycle.

Dataset-4: Raw and normalized metabolite levels in liver samples from ALF and TRF mice obtained from Metabolon, Inc., along with DE and rhythmic analyses.