Finnish Drinking Habits Survey 2008

The survey charted alcohol consumption and illegal drug use in Finland, type and volume of alcohol consumption and its consequences, general attitudes towards alcohol and gambling. Funding for the research was provided by the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health (STAKES), Academy of Finland, Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, and the Alcohol Programme of the Finnish Government. Similar surveys have been conducted at eight-year intervals in 1968, 1976, 1984, 1992 and 2000 but these are not archived at the FSD. First, attitudes to alcohol were studied with several statements (e.g. one should not use alcohol in the presence of small children, people use too much alcohol in Finland, those who drink have more fun than those who don't). Alcohol use was charted with questions on beverage used with meals on Sundays, use of alcohol for medicinal purposes and general use of different beverages (beer, wine, home-brew, spirits etc). The data contain a constructed variable b27 defining the respondents as users or non-users of alcohol. Non-users were presented with various statements charting the reasons for their abstinence. They were also asked about other people's attitudes and reactions to their non-use and previous alcohol consumption habits. Users of alcohol were asked about their alcohol consumption patterns, maximum volume used in one day, frequency of using various beverages, volume used generally at a time and where consumed, and how often they drank so much they could really feel it ('binge drinking'). The data also contain the following constructed variables: annual alcohol use (vkqfto08) and annual use by beverage type (vkqfol08, vkqfvi08, vkqfsi08 and vkqfvak08). One theme pertained to importing, home distillation/brewing and smuggling alcohol. Questions covered the type and volume of alcohol imported, home-brewed or smuggled. Type and volume of smuggled alcohol bought were charted as well. The survey covered instances of alcohol-related harm and other consequences of alcohol use. The respondents were asked how often they drink more or more frequently than they would have liked or had planned, could not stop drinking once had started, or had suffered from hangover. Problems caused for family, friendships, financial situation, health, work etc were investigated, likewise whether someone had tried to make them cut down on drinking. Further questions charted how often the respondents, when drinking, had gotten into a fight or a quarrel, had lost money or other property, been late for something, had got into an accident, been drink-driving, done things they regretted afterwards, etc. Problems caused for them by other people's alcohol consumption were also charted. The respondents evaluated whether their parents, spouse, children or other persons close to them had problems with alcohol. Gambling, its frequency, winnings, sums used, self-perceived gambling problems and the relationship between drinking and gambling were also charted. A number of questions focused on the respondent's health, psychosocial health, control over own life, long-terms illnesses, weight and height, smoking and financial situation. The paper questionnaire contained the ten-question Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) which studies alcohol consumption, drinking patterns and alcohol-related problems. Other questions covered use of sleeping pills, tranquillisers, or pain killers for non-medicinal purposes. Glue sniffing and other inhalant abuse was explored. The respondents were asked whether they knew persons who used illegal drugs, and whether they themselves had been offered or used drugs. Type and volume of drugs used (marihuana, hashish, heroin, LSD, ecstasy, amphetamine, GHB or GBL, crack or cocaine etc) and use of alcohol and drugs at the same time were investigated. Background variables included the respondent's gender, year of birth, marital status, number of persons in the household, household composition, basic education, vocational education, economic activity, R's and spouse's socioeconomic status, degree of urbanisation of the municipality of residence, province, region (NUTS3), major region (NUTS2) and mother tongue.

本调查记录了芬兰的酒精消耗和非法药物使用情况，包括酒精消费的类型与数量及其后果，以及公众对酒精和赌博的一般态度。研究资金由社会福利与健康国家研究与发展中心（STAKES）、芬兰科学院、芬兰酒精研究基金会以及芬兰政府酒精项目提供。自1968年起，每隔八年（1976年、1984年、1992年和2000年）进行类似调查，但这些数据并未存档于芬兰社会研究数据档案库（FSD）。首先，研究者通过多项陈述（例如，不应在幼儿面前使用酒精，芬兰人过度使用酒精，饮酒者比不饮酒者更加快乐）来研究公众对酒精的态度。通过询问周日餐桌上使用的饮品、酒精用于医疗目的以及不同饮品（啤酒、葡萄酒、家庭自酿、烈酒等）的普遍使用情况来记录酒精使用情况。数据中包含一个构建变量b27，用于定义受访者是否为酒精使用者或非使用者。非使用者被展示了一系列说明其戒酒原因的陈述。他们还被询问他人对其戒酒态度和反应的看法，以及他们之前的酒精消费习惯。酒精使用者被询问他们的酒精消费模式、一天中最大消费量、使用各种饮品的频率、一次通常使用的量以及消费地点，以及他们多饮到真正感觉到的频率（狂欢饮酒）。数据还包含以下构建变量：年度酒精使用量（vkqfto08）和按饮品类型年度使用量（vkqfol08、vkqfvi08、vkqfsi08和vkqfvak08）。其中一项主题涉及酒精的进口、家庭蒸馏/酿造和走私。问题涵盖了进口酒精的类型和数量、家庭酿造或走私酒精的类型和数量。调查还涵盖了与酒精相关的伤害及其他酒精使用的后果。受访者被询问他们饮酒频率是否超过他们希望或计划的数量，一旦开始是否无法停止饮酒，或是否遭受宿醉。调查了酒精给他们家庭、友谊、财务状况、健康、工作等造成的问题，以及是否有人试图让他们减少饮酒。进一步的问题涉及饮酒时受访者是否经常打架或争吵、丢失金钱或其他财产、迟到、发生事故、酒驾、做了事后后悔的事情等。还记录了他人酒精消费给他们造成的问题。受访者评估了他们的父母、配偶、子女或其他亲近的人是否酗酒。赌博的频率、收益、所使用的金额、自我感知的赌博问题以及饮酒与赌博之间的关系也被记录。一些问题集中在受访者的健康状况、心理社会健康、对自己生活的掌控、长期疾病、体重和身高、吸烟和财务状况上。纸质问卷包含十个问题的酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT），该测试研究酒精消费、饮酒模式和与酒精相关的问题。其他问题涵盖了安眠药、镇静剂或止痛药的非医疗用途。探讨了胶水嗅吸和其他吸入剂滥用。受访者被问及他们是否认识使用非法药物的人，以及他们自己是否被提供或使用过药物。调查了药物的类型和数量（大麻、大麻树脂、海洛因、LSD、MDMA、安非他命、GHB或GBL、可卡因等）以及同时使用酒精和药物的情况。背景变量包括受访者的性别、出生年份、婚姻状况、家庭人数、家庭构成、基础教育、职业教育、经济活动、R及其配偶的社会经济状况、居住市镇的城镇化程度、省份、区域（NUTS3）、主要区域（NUTS2）和母语。