The second International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2005 LW3

The Earth close approach of near-Earth asteroid 2005 LW3 on 2022 November 23 represented a good93opportunity for a second observing campaign to test the timing accuracy of astrometric observation.94With 82 participating stations, the International Asteroid Warning Network collected 1046 observations95of 2005 LW3 around the time of the close approach. Compared to the previous timing campaign96targeting 2019 XS, some individual observers were able to significantly improve the accuracy of their97reported observation times. However, no broad, systematic improvement was achieved compared98to the previous campaign, with an overall negative bias persisting among the different observers.99The calibration of observing times and the mitigation of timing errors should be important future100considerations for observers and orbit computers, respectively.