DiaData: A Multi-Modal, Integrated Time-Series Dataset for Type 1 Diabetes Research

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing cells, as to why affected individuals depend on external insulin injections. However, insulin can cause low blood glucose levels of hypoglycemia (≤70 mg/dL), which is a severe event with dangerous side effects. Data analysis can significantly enhance diabetes care by identifying personal patterns and trends leading to adverse events. However, diabetes and hypoglycemia research is limited by the unavailability of large datasets. Thus, we pesent DiaData. DiaData integrates 13 different datasets and presents a large continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) dataset comprising data from individuals with T1D across various age groups. CGM data is reported every 5 minutes. The Maindatabase contains CGM measurements of all 1720 subjects. From this, two subsets are extracted: Subdatabase I includes CGM data and demographics of age and sex for 1306 subjects, while Subdatabase II includes CGM and heart rate data for a subset of 51 subjects. DiaData is provided in .csv format, where each row represents a single CGM measurement. The Maindatabase includes CGM data for all subjects, with the following columns: timestamp (ts), patient identifier (PtID), glucose value (GlucoseCGM), and the source database name (Database). Subdatabase I adds demographic information, including Age, AgeGroup, and Sex. Subdatabase II contains CGM data combined with heart rate measurements (HR). For subjects using a CGM device with a sampling frequency higher than 5 minutes, the data was undersampled to 5-minute intervals, and missing values introduced by this undersampling were filled with forward filling using the last available value.The datasets used in this study were obtained from a variety of third-party sources. The code for data preprocessing and exploration can be found in https://github.com/Beyza-Cinar/DiaData. The sources of the data are:- the D1NAMO dataset (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5651217),- the HUPA-UCM Diabetes Dataset (doi: 10.17632/3hbcscwz44.1),- the Diabetes Adolescents Time Series with Heart Rate dataset (https://github.com/ictinnovaties-zorg/dataset-diabetes-adolescents-time-series-with-heart-rate/tree/main/data-csv),- the ShanghaiT1DM dataset (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.20444397.v3),- the T1GDUJA dataset (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11284018),- the CITY dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/565),- the ReplaceBG dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/546),- the RT-CGM dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/563),- the DLCP3 dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/573),- the SENCE dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/537),- the Severe Hypoglycemia in Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/537),- the WISDM dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/564),- the PEDAP dataset (https://public.jaeb.org/dataset/599). The sources of subsets of the data are the Barbara Davis Center, Jaeb Center for Health Research, Joslin Diabetes Center, T1D Exchange, University of Colorado, and University of Virginia. The analyses, content, and conclusions presented herein are solely the responsibility of the authors and have not been reviewed or approved by the before mentioned institutions.