RiSO: A BFO-Compliant Upper-Domain Risk Science Ontology

RiSO (Risk Science Ontology) is an upper-domain ontology. It is developed as a top-down realist ontology engineering project grounded in the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) and aligned with the ISO/IEC 21838 standard for top-level ontologies. RiSO formalises the concepts of the Society for Risk Analysis (SRA) Glossary and the wider risk science literature as BFO-compliant categories, defined classes, and relations and expresses their logical commitments as first-order logic axioms (RiSA axiom set). RiSO makes explicit the SRA Glossary's definitions and separates, for example, a risk's state from the disposition that gives rise to it. The current release comprises a BFO-compliant 155-term terminological dictionary and 219 axioms in First Order Logic (FOL) across 34 axiom sets, covering foundational risk concepts (risk, hazard, exposure, and vulnerability), resilience in both its agentive and non-agentive forms, uncertainty and probability, and the information content entities, activities, and relations that connect them. Every term is grounded either in a direct citation to the SRA Glossary or, where none exists, in RiSO's realist elaborations, while RiSO also incorporates terms and relations from BFO, CCO, IAO, OBI, and RO source files. Version 2.1.0 is a corrected release of version 2.0.0. Phase 1 of the RiSO Project, the terminological dictionary and its FOL axiomatization, is complete. Phase 2 will translate these specifications into a machine-readable OWL 2 DL ontology