A Phanerozoic Atlas of Earth's Atmosphere, Surface, and Interior Derived from the PANALESIS Plate Tectonic Model

The PANALESIS Phanerozoic Earth System Atlas (v1.0) provides a unified collection of 45 high‑resolution global reconstructions documenting Earth’s evolution from 545 Ma to the present. Each time slice includes quantified palaeogeography (elevation and bathymetry), seafloor age, crustal thickness, lithospheric thickness, and climate fields simulated using the PLASIM–GENIE model, including surface air temperature, precipitation, and derived Köppen–Geiger climate classes. All layers are generated from a consistent reconstruction workflow based exclusively on the PANALESIS plate tectonic model, ensuring full temporal coherence across the Phanerozoic. The atlas integrates geological, geophysical, and climatic components in a single framework. Palaeogeographic maps are produced from plate polygons, continent–ocean boundaries, and geodynamic environment lines. Seafloor ages are derived from plate spreading histories, while crustal and lithospheric thicknesses are computed from model relationships linking palaeogeography, crustal structure, and thermal evolution. Climate simulations are forced by time‑dependent boundary conditions including palaeogeography, atmospheric CO₂, and solar luminosity. The dataset is distributed in two formats: EqualArea/ — raster datasets at 10 × 10 km resolution LatLong/ — corresponding datasets in geographic coordinates Each folder contains seven variables (palaeogeography, seafloor age, crustal thickness, lithospheric thickness, precipitation, surface air temperature, and climate zones) provided for all 45 time slices. This release offers a comprehensive, openly accessible Earth system baseline suitable for research in palaeoclimate modelling, geodynamics, surface processes, sediment routing, biogeography, and long‑term Earth system evolution. All data and workflows are openly licensed under CC BY 4.0, ensuring transparent reuse and interoperability with GIS and modelling tools.