Establishment of Integrated Hydrometeorological Observation Platforms in Lakes across Three Distinct Climatic Zones on the Tibetan Plateau

Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau play a crucial role in regional hydrology and climate, yet they are highly sensitive to climate change. Despite their importance, our understanding of lake-atmosphere interactions in this region remain limited, primarily due to lack of multi-scale observations constrained by harsh environmental conditions. To address this data gap, we established a comprehensive hydrometeorological observation network across three lakes representing different climatic zones on the Tibetan Plateau. Since 2019, this network has continuously collected key datasets, including meteorological conditions, turbulent fluxes, water levels, temperature profiles, and salinity measurements. Our findings reveal that these lakes significantly influence local climate by alleviating temperature fluctuations, altering wind patterns, and reducing atmospheric stability. The observational network marks a substantial step forward in capturing the lake-region climate system, improving our understanding of lake-atmosphere interactions and their impact on regional climate dynamics. Additionally, it supports the validation of models and refinement of remote sensing products. In the future, we aim to expand the integration of in situ, satellite, and model-based data to better support environmental conservation and water resource management on the Tibetan Plateau.