A comprehensive cell atlas of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) larval midgut and fat body using single-nucleus RNA sequencing

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) is a promising way to reveal organ complexity at the cellular level, yet data for lepidopteran insects are lacking. We utilized snRNA-seq to assess cellular diversity in the midgut and fat body of Spodoptera frugiperda. Our study identified 20 distinct clusters in the midgut and 27 clusters in the fat body. This dataset, containing all identified cell types in midgut and fat body, is valuable for characterizing the cellular composition of these organs and uncovering new cell-specific biomarkers. As the first snRNA-seq study on the midgut and fat body of S. frugiperda, it will also support future research, contribute to lepidopteran studies, and aid in developing targeted pest control strategies.