Probiotic effect of B. subtilis PS-216 in broiler chickens: modulation of weight, feed conversion, short chain fatty acids, microbiota and meat quality

Bacillus-based probiotics are recognized as safe and effective alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production. This study evaluated the effects of Bacillus subtilis PS-216 on broiler performance, gut health, and meat quality. Broilers received PS-216 spores continuously via drinking water (2×109 spores/L; SW) or feed at low (2×106 spores/kg; SF1) or high (2×109 spores/kg; SF2) concentrations. Parameters were assessed at days 23 and 44, including growth performance, lymphatic organ weights, cecal microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, and meat quality.