Ghost Element Effect dataset: integrated µ-CT, XRF, XPS, SEM–EDS, CRS and XPL analyses of permineralised gymnosperm wood from the Lower Permian Carapacha Basin, La Pampa, Argentina

This repository supports the integrated multi-technique characterisation of Agathoxylon jamudhiense (GHUNLPam N°3016), a permineralised gymnosperm wood specimen from the Lower Permian Carapacha Basin, La Pampa Province, Argentina. The dataset combines high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), confocal Raman spectroscopy (532 nm), and transmitted-light petrography under plane- and cross-polarised illumination. The µCT dataset, acquired using a SkyScan 1273 system at 110 kV with a reconstructed voxel size of 7.001 µm, resolves spatially heterogeneous high-attenuation domains hosted within a predominantly siliceous fossil wood matrix. Integrated spectroscopic and microanalytical data demonstrate that these domains correspond to localised V-, Br-, Fe-, and Sr-bearing mineral phases associated with fracture-controlled post-silicification fluid circulation. The repository documents the Ghost Element Effect, defined as anomalous attenuation behaviour generated by spatially restricted high-Z mineralisation during tomographic reconstruction of low-Z siliceous substrates. The repository includes raw projections, reconstructed tomographic volumes, reconstruction metadata, NRecon log files, attenuation-domain segmentation datasets, Raman and XPS spectra, SEM–EDS analytical outputs, petrographic imagery, and supplementary geochemical datasets. These materials are provided to ensure full analytical reproducibility and to support future investigations into fossil wood mineralisation, radiation physics, multiphase attenuation behaviour, and taphogeochemical evolution.