ECMWF GloFAS - Harvey+Irma Flood Area Grids

These datasets were obtained from ECMWF/GloFAS on November 13, 2017, to include the flood forecast (area grid) for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma in the USA from August 15 - September 15, 2017. These are contained in netCDF files, one per day.

Note that while folders and files may have the words "areagrid_for_Harvey" in the name, all the data here are for the southeast USA, encompassing both Harvey and Irma impact areas.

Dataset variables:
- dis = forecasted discharge (for all forecast step 1+30 as initial value and 30 daily average values, with ensemble members as 1+50 where the first is the so-called control member and the 50 perturbed members)
- ldd = local drainage direction within routing model
- ups = upstream area of each point within routing model
- rl2,rl5,rl20 = forecast exceedance thresholds for 2-, 5- and 20-year return period flows, based on gumbel distribution from ERA-interim land reanalysis driven through the lisflood routing.

Models used (see [1] for further details):
- Hydrology: River discharge is simulated by the Lisflood hydrological model (van der Knijff et al., 2010) for the flow routing in the river network and the groundwater mass balance. The model is set up on global coverage with horizontal grid resolution of 0.1° (about 10 km in mid-latitude regions) and daily time step for input/output data.
- Meteorology: To set up a forecasting and warning system that runs on a daily basis with global coverage, initial conditions and input forcing data must be provided seamlessly to every point within the domain. To this end, two products are used. The first consists of operational ensemble forecasts of near-surface meteorological parameters. The second is a long-term dataset consistent with daily forecasts, used to derive a reference climatology.

Suggestions for usage:
- Selected software: ArcGIS or QGIS
- Select dis for example, then any of the bands (51*31 in total), then set the range manually to 0-1000 or something like that.

Agency:
GloFAS [1]
From its public website: "The Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS), jointly developed by the European Commission and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), is independent of administrative and political boundaries. It couples state-of-the art weather forecasts with a hydrological model and with its continental scale set-up it provides downstream countries with information on upstream river conditions as well as continental and global overviews. GloFAS produces daily flood forecasts in a pre-operational manner since June 2011."

References
[1] GloFAS home page [http://www.globalfloods.eu/]

本数据集于2017年11月13日从ECMWF/GloFAS获取，涵盖了2017年8月15日至9月15日美国哈维和艾玛飓风的洪水预报（区域网格）。数据以每日一个netCDF文件的形式存储。请注意，尽管文件夹和文件名中可能包含“areagrid_for_Harvey”等词汇，但此处所有数据均针对美国东南部地区，包括哈维和艾玛的影响区域。数据集变量包括：
- dis：预报的流量（对于所有预报步骤1+30作为初始值和30个每日平均值，集合成员作为1+50，其中第一个称为控制成员，其余50个为扰动成员）；
- ldd：路由模型内的局部排水方向；
- ups：路由模型内每个点的上游区域；
- rl2,rl5,rl20：基于ERA-interim陆地再分析驱动的gumbel分布的2年、5年和20年重现期流量预报阈值。
使用的模型（详见[1]以获取更多细节）：
- 水文学：河流流量通过Lisflood水文学模型（van der Knijff等，2010）进行模拟，以模拟河流网络和地下水质量平衡。该模型在全球范围内设置，水平网格分辨率为0.1°（在中纬度地区约为10公里），输入/输出数据的时间步长为每日。
- 气象学：为了构建一个每日运行的全球覆盖的预报和警报系统，必须无缝地为域内每个点提供初始条件和输入强迫数据。为此，使用了两种产品。第一种是近地表气象参数的操作性集合预报。第二种是与每日预报一致的长期数据集，用于推导参考气候。
使用建议：
- 选择软件：ArcGIS或QGIS
- 选择dis，例如，然后选择任何波段（总共有51*31个波段），然后手动设置范围为0-1000等。
机构：
GloFAS [1]
根据其官方网站：“全球洪水预警系统（GloFAS），由欧洲委员会和欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）共同开发，不受行政和政治边界的限制。它将最先进的天气预报与水文模型相结合，并通过其大陆尺度的设置，为下游国家提供上游河流条件以及大陆和全球概述的信息。自2011年6月以来，GloFAS以预操作方式每日产生洪水预报。”
参考文献
[1] GloFAS 主页 [http://www.globalfloods.eu/]