TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION: MODERN APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) is a common disorder affecting the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and surrounding structures. It manifests through symptoms such as pain, joint sounds, limitation of mandibular movement, and functional disturbances of the stomatognathic system. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main etiological factors, diagnostic methods, and modern approaches to the management of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Clinical examination, radiological imaging, and functional diagnostic techniques are important tools for accurate diagnosis. Early detection and comprehensive treatment can significantly improve patient outcomes and prevent chronic complications.