Astragalus Polysaccharide Modulates the Gut Microbiota and Metabolites of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: An In Vitro Fermentation Model

We examined the effect of APS on gut microbiota and metabolites of depressive patients using in vitro fermentation, and further explored whether PS128 could enhance the utilization ability of APS. Fresh fecal samples from 15 depressive patients were collected. The three fermentation groups were as follows: the CON group, the APS group, and the APS_PS128 group. After 48 hours of fermentation, bacterial genomic DNA was extracted from all samples and 16S rDNA was amplified for gut microbiota analysis.