Self-Assessment Instrument for the Implementation of Occupational Health in Hospitals

This research is a qualitative exploratory study, conducted from May 2024 to March 2025, developed a semi-quantitative instrument prototype to assess occupational health service programs in hospitals by first identifying risk factors through an in-depth literature review of Health Risk Assessments (HRA) and occupational disease case reports, then collecting primary data via in-depth interviews (with managers from hospital OSH, IPC, medical services, emergency departments, medical support, and nursing, selected by saturation and a one-year minimum tenure criterion) and field observations at three purposively sampled accredited Type B hospitals (representing government, private, and teaching institutions for accessibility and resource adequacy); the interview and observation data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify five key workplace health risk factor groups (environment, ergonomics, workers' somatic conditions, worker behavior, and work organization/culture), which informed the adaptation and modification of OSHA's Hospital Safety and Health Management System Self-Assessment Questionnaire into the prototype, which was subsequently validated through a two-day Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with experts, practitioners, professional organizations, regulators, and hospital directors (also selected by saturation and a one-year minimum position criterion); the study received ethical approval from the Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia Institutional Review Board (Approval No. S-091/KETLIT/RSUI/VII/2024), with written informed consent obtained from all participants, ensured anonymity, and secured all identifiable data to adhere to legal and ethical requirements.