Univariate and multivariate GEE regression models identifying factors associated with sustained high viral load in 2006–2007, New York City (N = 56,836)1.

GEE, generalized estimating equations. VL, viral load. MSM, men who have sex with men. IDU, intravenous drug users.1Data as reported to the NYC DOHMH by December 31, 2009.2Adjusted for number of VL pairs observed, 2006–2007.3Adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, borough, sex, history of AIDS, concurrent HIV/AIDS status at diagnosis, and number of pairs of VL tests.4Heterosexual risk includes persons who had heterosexual sex with an HIV-infected person, an injection drug user, or a person who has received blood products. For females only, heterosexual sex also includes sex with a male and at least one of the following: history of commercial sex work, multiple male sex partners, sexually transmitted disease, crack/cocaine use, sex with a bisexual male, probable heterosexual transmission as noted in a medical chart, or negative history of injection drug use.5NYC DOHMH collects race and ethnicity data that meet federal standards of classification and maintains ethnicity data separately from race information. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity have a separate race classification. Due to small numbers, persons reporting more than one race, Native Americans or Alaska Natives, Hawaiian Natives, Asian, and Pacific Islanders were classified as ‘Other.’6Borough of residence refers to the residence at HIV diagnosis for persons living with HIV (non-AIDS) or residence at AIDS diagnosis for persons living with AIDS.