Estimated projection matrix elements, and lower level sensitivities and elasticities from the habitat-specific matrices.

Projection matrix elements, and lower level sensitivities and elasticities were calculated according to Caswell [42]. F1: fertility of young (i.e. one year old) males; F2: fertility of old males, G1: first-year survival, P2: adult survival, FY: farmyard, CP: cattle pasture, HP: horse pasture, SC: spring crops, AC: autumn crops, OG: other ungrazed grassland, Y: young males, O: old males.