LMSD 2021 Dataset for Damage Identification in Plates
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LMSD 2021 Dataset for Damage Identification in Plates These files contain data collected to experimentally validate damage identification methods for plate-like structures. Experimental Setup The inspected structure is a 600mm x 600mm x 4mm CFRP plate with crossply layup. A 12 x 12 square grid of 144 nodes is defined on this plate, with 50mm spacing and 25mm offset from the edges of the plate. The plate is hung with elastic bands to obtain free-free boundary conditions. It is excited on its front-side with a PCB 086C03 impact hammer. 7 PCB 352a24 1D-accelerometers are installed on its back-side. Additional masses are glued to the plate to reproduce the scattering effect of damage. Two types of scenarios are considered: point-like masses of 55g at pre-defined nodes on the grid and an elongated mass of 315g covering several nodes. A total of 6 damage scenarios are considered, 5 point-like scenarios with 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 added masses, respectively, and 1 elongated-mass scenario with 1 added mass. The included pictures summarize the experimental setup and show the 12 x 12 grid of nodes with the position of the 7 accelerometers/hammer impact locations in black and the positions of the added masses in red (the number labels at a given position indicate which scenarios have a mass added at that position). Zoomed views are also provided of a 55g point-mass and a 315g elongated mass, glued to the plate. Data Acquisition Procedure To obtain the baseline FRFs, the responses are measured on the healthy plate from all 144 nodes to the 7 accelerometer nodes. To obtain the damaged FRFs, the responses are measured on the damaged plate from the 7 accelerometer nodes to the 7 accelerometer nodes. The resulting damaged responses form what is also referred to as the multistatic data matrix. Each measurement is repeated 5 times and the responses are averaged to increase the SNR. The measured FRFs consist of 8192 frequency bins between 0Hz and 1600Hz. Data Structure and Organization The baseline file contains: frf 7x144x8192 double: baseline frf from all 144 nodes to the 7 accelerometer nodes. frequency 1x8192 double [Hz]: the frequencies in Hertz. node_position 144x2 double [mm]: position of the nodes in millimeters. probing_nodes 1x7 uint16: indices of the accelerometer nodes, which are also the nodes that receive hammer excitation to collect the damaged responses. Each damage scenario is associated to a file with a corresponding, descriptive filename. Each of the files contains: frf 7x7x8192 double: damaged frf from the 7 accelerometer nodes to the 7 accelerometer nodes (also referred to as multistatic data matrix). By convention, frf(i, j, :) is the frf measured at accelerometer i when a hammer excitation is applied at the location of accelerometer j. mass_nodes 1xn uint16: indices of the nodes at which a mass is added. The datasets are provided both as mat files and npz files, alongside with helper functions to conveniently load the data and accelerate collaboration. Note that the mat files use MATLAB-compatible indexing (i.e. node numbering starts at 1) while the npz files use conventional zero-based indexing (i.e. node numbering starts at 0). For this reason all node indices in the probing_nodes and mass_nodes variables are offset by one in the mat files compared to the npz files. Helper functions and examples demonstrating how to load and process the data are provided alongside this dataset under MIT Licensing. Licensing Data produced and made available by the LMSD group, KU Leuven, under CC BY 4.0 Licensing. Code written by Nathan Dwek with the LMSD group, KU Leuven, made available under MIT Licensing. Citing this Work If you use the data itself directly, please cite this dataset appropriately. Proper citation text can be found on the dataset webpage in multiple formats. Please cite the relevant publication(s) below if your work is based on or compares to the damage identification methods they introduce: N. Dwek, V. Dimopoulos, D. Janssens, M. Kirchner, E. Deckers, and F. Naets, "Damage Identification in Plate-Like Structures Using Frequency-Coupled L1-Based Sparse Estimation," (Pre-print submitted to MSSP, October 31, 2023). Available at SSRN. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.4644311 N. Dwek, D. Janssens, M. Kirchner, and E. Deckers, "Sparse Damage Identification at Off-Grid Locations on Plate-like Structures using Frequency-Coupled Group Lasso," to be presented at the 2024 European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, June 2024. Contact Nathan Dwek - nathan.dwek@kuleuven.be LMSD Group - lmsd@kuleuven.be Department of Mechanical Engineering KU Leuven Belgium
LMSD 2021 板状结构损伤识别数据集 本数据集包含用于实验验证板状结构损伤识别方法的实测采集数据。 ## 实验设置 受试结构为一块600mm×600mm×4mm的正交铺层碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）板。在该板上布设12×12的正方形网格，共计144个节点，节点间距为50mm，且距板边缘偏移25mm。采用弹性吊带悬挂该板以实现自由-自由边界条件。使用PCB 086C03型冲击锤在板的正面施加激励；在板的背面安装7个PCB 352a24型一维加速度传感器。通过在板上粘贴附加质量块来模拟损伤的散射效应。 本次实验考虑两类附加质量工况：一类为在网格预定义节点处添加55g的点状质量块，另一类为覆盖多个节点的315g长条状质量块。共计设置6种损伤工况：5种点状质量工况分别对应添加1、3、4、5、6个质量块，剩余1种为长条状质量工况（仅添加1个长条质量块）。 随附图片汇总了实验设置全貌，并展示了12×12的节点网格：其中黑色标记为7个加速度传感器/锤击激励节点的位置，红色标记为附加质量块的安装位置（指定位置处的数字标签代表在该位置添加质量块的对应工况编号）。同时还提供了55g点状质量块与315g长条状质量块粘贴于板上的放大视图。 ## 数据采集流程 为获取基线频响函数（FRF），在健康状态的板上采集所有144个节点作为激励点至7个加速度传感器节点的响应数据。为获取损伤状态下的频响函数，在带损伤的板上采集7个加速度传感器节点作为激励点至7个加速度传感器节点的响应数据。所得损伤响应数据也被称为多静态数据矩阵。每项测量重复5次并对响应取平均以提升信噪比（SNR）。所测得的频响函数包含0Hz至1600Hz范围内的8192个频率分段。 ## 数据结构与组织 基线文件包含以下变量： - frf：7×144×8192双精度数组，存储所有144个激励节点至7个加速度传感器节点的基线频响函数。 - frequency：1×8192双精度数组，单位为赫兹（Hz），存储各频率点的数值。 - node_position：144×2双精度数组，单位为毫米（mm），存储各节点的平面坐标。 - probing_nodes：1×7无符号16位整型数组，存储加速度传感器节点的索引，这些节点同时也是用于采集损伤响应数据的锤击激励节点。 每个损伤工况对应一个带有描述性命名的专属文件，各文件包含以下变量： - frf：7×7×8192双精度数组，存储7个加速度传感器节点作为激励点至7个加速度传感器节点的损伤频响函数（即前述多静态数据矩阵）。按照惯例，"frf(i, j, :)"代表在加速度传感器j的位置施加锤击激励时，在加速度传感器i处测得的频响函数。 - mass_nodes：1×n无符号16位整型数组，存储添加了质量块的节点索引。 本数据集同时提供MAT文件与NPZ文件格式，并附带便捷的数据加载与协作辅助工具。请注意：MAT文件采用MATLAB兼容的索引方式（即节点编号从1开始），而NPZ文件采用常规的从零开始的索引方式（即节点编号从0开始）。因此，MAT文件中"probing_nodes"与"mass_nodes"变量的节点索引相较于NPZ文件偏移了1。 随本数据集附带了用于演示数据加载与处理流程的辅助函数与示例代码，采用MIT许可证发布。 ## 许可证 本数据集由比利时鲁汶大学（KU Leuven）LMSD小组生成并发布，采用知识共享署名4.0国际许可协议（CC BY 4.0）。由Nathan Dwek与LMSD小组编写的代码采用MIT许可证发布。 ## 引用说明 若直接使用本数据集，请进行恰当的学术引用。规范的引用文本可在数据集网页获取多种格式版本。若您的研究基于或对比了下述文献所提出的损伤识别方法，请引用相关文献： 1. N. Dwek, V. Dimopoulos, D. Janssens, M. Kirchner, E. Deckers, and F. Naets, "Damage Identification in Plate-Like Structures Using Frequency-Coupled L1-Based Sparse Estimation," (Pre-print submitted to MSSP, October 31, 2023). Available at SSRN. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.4644311 2. N. Dwek, D. Janssens, M. Kirchner, and E. Deckers, "Sparse Damage Identification at Off-Grid Locations on Plate-like Structures using Frequency-Coupled Group Lasso," to be presented at the 2024 European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, June 2024. ## 联系方式 联系Nathan Dwek：nathan.dwek@kuleuven.be LMSD小组：lmsd@kuleuven.be 机械工程系 鲁汶大学（KU Leuven） 比利时
