NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southwest Morocco 1,500 Year Speleothem Stable Isotope Data

We present absolutely-dated speleothem d18O records spanning the past ~1.5 kyr, which provide new evidence of the transmission of an anthropogenic signal to natural climatic archives in NW Africa. Combined with three other speleothem d18O records from SW Morocco, the results indicate unprecedentedly dry conditions during the 20th century, which developed more rapidly than those during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, 900-1350 AD), likely due to rising atmospheric CO2 levels. The 20th century drying evident in the speleothem records is consistent with the "Hockey Stick" pattern of increasing temperatures due to global warming. We demonstrate that this rapid drying is linked to warmer sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the Azores High region, and cooler local SSTs off the coast of NW Africa. These changes intensified the Canary Current Upwelling, which promoted increased biological productivity in the surface water and enhanced the coastal fishing industry in Morocco.