Research on the spatiotemporal pattern, network characteristics, and synergistic effects of carbon emissions reduction in regional tourism in China

(1) Calculate the proportion of energy consumption in the tertiary industry based on the coefficients of various types of energy standard coal in the energy balance table of each region, and then calculate the obtained proportion with the total carbon emission of each province to obtain the carbon emission of the tertiary industry. Finally, through the proportion of the added value of tourism in the tertiary industry, the total amount of carbon emissions from tourism in China can be measured effectively. (2) Calculate the gravitational value of tourism carbon emissions from 16 indicators in three systems: quality of tourism development, scale of tourism development, and security of tourism development. (3)Analyze the characteristics of tourism carbon emission network using social network analysis. (4) Calculate the eco-efficiency of tourism carbon emissions based on tourism carbon emissions, and measure the synergistic effect of regional tourism carbon emissions in China.