DataSheet1_Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of AP2/ERF Transcription Factor Related to Drought Stress in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).xlsx

APETALA2/ethylene response element-binding factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factors (TFs) have been found to regulate plant growth and development and response to various abiotic stresses. However, detailed information of AP2/ERF genes in peanut against drought has not yet been performed. Herein, 185 AP2/ERF TF members were identified from the cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner) genome, clustered into five subfamilies: AP2 (APETALA2), ERF (ethylene-responsive-element-binding), DREB (dehydration-responsive-element-binding), RAV (related to ABI3/VP), and Soloist (few unclassified factors)). Subsequently, the phylogenetic relationship, intron–exon structure, and chromosomal location of AhAP2/ERF were further characterized. All of these AhAP2/ERF genes were distributed unevenly across the 20 chromosomes, and 14 tandem and 85 segmental duplicated gene pairs were identified which originated from ancient duplication events. Gene evolution analysis showed that A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner were separated 64.07 and 66.44 Mya from Medicago truncatula L. and Glycine max L., respectively. Promoter analysis discovered many cis-acting elements related to light, hormones, tissues, and stress responsiveness process. The protein interaction network predicted the exitance of functional interaction among families or subgroups. Expression profiles showed that genes from AP2, ERF, and dehydration-responsive-element-binding subfamilies were significantly upregulated under drought stress conditions. Our study laid a foundation and provided a panel of candidate AP2/ERF TFs for further functional validation to uplift breeding programs of drought-resistant peanut cultivars.

APETALA2/乙烯响应元件结合因子（AP2/ERF）转录因子（TFs）被发现能够调控植物的生长发育及对多种非生物胁迫的响应。然而，关于花生（Arachis hypogaea cv. Tifrunner）中AP2/ERF基因在干旱条件下的详细研究尚未开展。本研究中，从栽培花生基因组中鉴定出185个AP2/ERF TF成员，并将其分为五个亚家族：AP2（APETALA2）、ERF（乙烯响应元件结合）、DREB（脱水响应元件结合）、RAV（与ABI3/VP相关）和Soloist（少数未分类因子）。随后，进一步对AhAP2/ERF的进化关系、内含子-外显子结构和染色体定位进行了表征。所有AhAP2/ERF基因在20条染色体上的分布不均，并鉴定出14对串联重复和85对段状重复基因对，这些重复事件起源于古老的复制过程。基因进化分析表明，花生品种Tifrunner分别与Medicago truncatula L.和Glycine max L.分离了64.07百万年和66.44百万年。启动子分析发现了许多与光、激素、组织和胁迫响应过程相关的顺式作用元件。蛋白质相互作用网络预测了家族或亚组之间的功能相互作用。表达谱分析显示，在干旱胁迫条件下，AP2、ERF和脱水响应元件结合亚家族的基因表达显著上调。本研究奠定了基础，并为干旱抗性花生品种的育种计划提供了一系列候选AP2/ERF TFs，以进行进一步的功能验证。