Multivariable Cox regression analysis of intravesical recurrence (IVR), cancer-specific death and all-cause death in groups of patients with or without invasive diagnostic modalities (IDM).

Hazard ratios (HR) displayed for each outcome are adjusted for tumour location, sex, age, tumour stage, bladder cuff excision, previous bladder cancer, comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index), and education level.