Oligonucleotides used in the study.

α-NE, Dyn A and Dyn B correspond to the α-neoendorphin-, dynorphin A- and dynorphin B-coding sequences of the human prodynorphin (PDYN) gene. AS, antisense oligonucleotide. 5mC, 5-methylcytosine. RO, reference oligonucleotide. (+), plus strand. (−), minus strand. M, mutations are shown in bold italic underlined letters. CpG dinucleotides are shown in bold letters. Dyn A M1–3 are oligonucleotides with human pathogenic SCA 23 mutations [35]. Dyn A M4,5 are oligonucleotides with nonsense and silent mutations.