Process-Mechanized Green Approach to Organic Phosphorescence: From Mechanochemistry Synthesis to 3D Printing

Carbazole-based
organic room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials
have attracted widespread attention, yet their structural diversification
has remained limited due to inherent synthetic constraints. In this
work, a dual-mechanical strategy integrating mechanochemical synthesis
with 3D-printed processing is introduced. A g-configured benzoindole
(Bd[g]) skeleton is efficiently obtained through a solvent-free mechanochemical
protocol, enabling rapid and scalable access to high-performance RTP
molecular frameworks. When dispersed within a poly(vinyl butyral)
(PVB) matrix, Bd[g] derivatives display stable RTP emission as a result
of suppressed molecular motion and minimized environmental quenching.
Benefiting from the excellent processability of PVB-based composites,
the RTP materials are further shaped into customizable 3D-printed
architectures featuring persistent phosphorescence, mechanical flexibility,
and strong resistance to seawater. This fully mechanical “molecule-to-device”
methodology establishes a practical route toward durable organic RTP
systems and underscores their potential in marine sensing, underwater
imaging, and long-term anticorrosion applications.