Data_Sheet_13_Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the resistance mechanism of quinoa seedlings to Spodoptera exigua.PDF

Quinoa has attracted considerable attention owing to its unique nutritional, economic, and medicinal values. The damage intensity of Spodoptera exigua at the seedling stage of quinoa fluctuates with the crop’s biological cycle and the environmental changes throughout the growing season. In this study, we used independently selected quinoa seedling resistant and susceptible cultivars to investigate the difference between insect resistance and insect susceptibility of quinoa at the seedling stage. Samples were collected when Spodoptera exigua 45 days after planting the seedlings, and broad targeted metabolomics studies were conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrophotometry combined with transcriptomic co-analysis. The metabolomic and genomic analyses of the insect-resistant and insect-susceptible quinoa groups revealed a total of 159 differential metabolites and were functionally annotated to 2334 differential genes involved in 128 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. In total, 14 metabolites and 22 genes were identified as key factors for the differential accumulation of insect-resistant metabolites in quinoa seedlings. Among them, gene-LOC110694254, gene-LOC110682669, and gene-LOC110732988 were positively correlated with choline. The expression of gene-LOC110729518 and gene-LOC110723164, which were notably higher in the resistant cultivars than in the susceptible cultivars, and the accumulations of the corresponding metabolites were also significantly higher in insect-resistant cultivars. These results elucidate the regulatory mechanism between insect resistance genes and metabolite accumulation in quinoa seedlings, and can provide a basis for the breeding and identification of new insect-resistant quinoa cultivars as well as for screening potential regulatory metabolites of quinoa insect-resistant target genes.

藜麦因其独特的营养、经济和药用价值而备受瞩目。在生长季节中，二化螟（Spodoptera exigua）对藜麦幼苗期的损害强度随着作物生物周期和环境变化而波动。在本研究中，我们选取了独立筛选的藜麦抗性和易感性品种，以探究藜麦幼苗期对昆虫的抗性与易感性差异。在播种后45天采集样本，并采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术结合转录组共分析进行广泛靶向的代谢组学研究。昆虫抗性藜麦和易感性藜麦组的代谢组和基因组分析共鉴定出159个差异代谢物，并利用京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析将其功能注释到涉及128条途径的2334个差异基因。总计，14种代谢物和22个基因被确认为藜麦幼苗中昆虫抗性代谢物差异积累的关键因素。其中，基因LOC110694254、基因LOC110682669和基因LOC110732988与胆碱呈正相关。基因LOC110729518和基因LOC110723164的表达，在抗性品种中显著高于易感性品种，相应的代谢物积累也在抗性品种中显著增加。这些结果阐明了昆虫抗性基因与藜麦幼苗中代谢物积累之间的调控机制，并为培育和鉴定新的昆虫抗性藜麦品种，以及筛选藜麦昆虫抗性靶基因的潜在调控代谢物提供了依据。