Analysis on surveillance data of human brucellosis in Altay Prefecture, 2017-2024

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang from 2017 to 2024, and to provide a scientific basis for adjusting and formulating targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods Data on reported brucellosis cases residing in Altay Prefecture were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyze the temporal, regional, and population distribution characteristics. Results From 2017 to 2024, a total of 3,089 brucellosis cases were reported in Altay Prefecture, with an average annual incidence rate of 58.32/100,000. The epidemic showed a bimodal distribution, with peak years in 2018 (95.17/100,000) and 2024 (94.21/100,000). Incidence exhibited distinct seasonality, concentrated from April to July. Geographically, Jeminay County (99.44/100,000) and Fuhai County (93.77/100,000) were high-risk areas. Cases were primarily farmers and herdsmen (76.7%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.78:1, and predominantly concentrated in the 30–54 age group (66.5%). Conclusion The brucellosis epidemic situation in Altay Prefecture is severe, showing a significant recent rebound with typical occupational, seasonal, and population clustering. It is essential to adhere to the strategy of "preventing human disease through animal control and moving the gate forward," strengthening animal surveillance, health education, and multi-sectoral collaboration to effectively control the epidemic.