A continuous and reversible mechano-regulated surface potential using a stretchable plasmonic electrode

Manipulating the surface potential of electrode materials is a critical issue for improving the devices performance in the fields of nanophotonics, semiconductor/organic electronics, optoelectronics, and electrochemistry. Here, we demonstrate a novel mechano-plasmonic modulation of surface potential by tailoring the plasmon off-resonance of stretchable plasmonic electrode. The surface potential of the stretchable plasmonic electrode can be continuously and reversibly modulated in the range of 80 mV with high stability and reproducibility. The proposed plasmon off-resonance assisted electron flow model (POAEF model) well explored the energy conversion of the plasmon off-resonance excitation into electrochemical potential of plasmonic nanostructures. Significantly, the programmable modulations of electrochemical reactions based on the stretchable plasmonic electrode demonstrate that plasmon off-resonance excitation can be utilized to modulate the surface potential and the electrochemical activity of noble-metal nanostructures.