Gun Violence

The data on mass shootings is from https://www.gunviolencearchive.org/ . See the codebook for full details. A mass shooting is defined as four or more people injured or killed, because of firearms, excluding the shooter. <br>The curated datasets are included here along with a research question and guiding questions.<br><br>For information of how this data is collected, go to: https://www.gunviolencearchive.org/explainer Definition for mass shooting and mass murder from the above website is given verbatim below:<br><br><b>Mass Shooting Methodology and Reasoning</b>: Mass Shootings are, for the most part an American phenomenon. While they are generally grouped together as one type of incident they are several different types including public shootings, bar/club incidents, family annihilations, drive-by, workplace and those which defy description but with the established foundation definition being that they have a minimum of four victims shot, either injured or killed, not including any shooter who may also have been killed or injured in the incident. GVA also presents the count of Mass Murder which, like the FBI's definition is four or more victims, killed, not including the shooter. Mass Murder by gun is a subset of the Mass Shooting count.<br><br><br>

本数据集所用的大规模枪击事件数据来源于https://www.gunviolencearchive.org/，完整细节请查阅代码手册。大规模枪击事件的定义为：因枪支暴力导致4名及以上人员受伤或死亡，且不包含袭击者本人。

经整理筛选的数据集已随本内容一并提供，同时附带相关研究问题与引导性问题。

如需了解该数据的采集方式，请访问：https://www.gunviolencearchive.org/explainer。以下原文转录了该网站中关于大规模枪击事件与大规模谋杀的官方定义：

**大规模枪击事件研究方法与依据**：
大规模枪击事件在绝大多数情况下属于美国特有的事件类型。尽管此类事件常被笼统归为同一类别，但实际包含多种亚型，涵盖公共场所枪击、酒吧/俱乐部枪击、家庭灭门案、驾车枪击、职场枪击，以及无法归类的其他枪击事件。现有通用定义的核心判定标准为：事件造成至少4名受害者（含受伤与死亡），且不包含事件中可能伤亡的袭击者本人。
枪支暴力档案（Gun Violence Archive, GVA）同时统计大规模谋杀事件，其定义与美国联邦调查局（FBI）的标准一致：造成4名及以上受害者死亡，且不包含袭击者本人。以枪支实施的大规模谋杀属于大规模枪击事件统计的子集。