Doctoral Graduates of Year 2019: Career and Employment Survey 2022

The survey charted the careers and employment situations of Finnish doctoral graduates three years after they had obtained their degree in 2019. Themes of the survey included impact of a doctoral degree on employment, usefulness of doctoral education in terms of skills needed in occupational life, and job satisfaction. The respondents were first asked what their occupational status was at the time of the survey. Questions covered whether having a doctoral degree had led to an increased salary and better standing in occupational life, and whether a doctoral degree had been a prerequisite for the respondents' current job. The respondents were also asked if they had been unemployed after finishing their degree. Further questions covered how important certain skills and know-how were in the respondents' current job and how well their doctoral studies had developed these skills (e.g. theoretical or practical knowledge of their field, problem solving, managerial skills, negotiation skills, project management, and scientific communication). Opinions were charted on the significance of doctoral and other tertiary education, work experience, contacts and networks, and other skills in occupational life. The respondents were asked how they had financed their doctoral studies (e.g. by being employed by a university or other research institute or with a personal research grant). Finally, it was surveyed whether the respondents had completed their doctoral degree by studying full-time, part-time or during their leisure time while also otherwise employed. Background variables included the respondent's gender, field of study, employer sector, position in the organisation, and age at the time of graduation (dichotomised 35 or under/36 and over).本调查针对2019年获得博士学位的芬兰博士毕业生，追踪了其毕业三年后的职业发展与就业状况。本次调查的核心议题包括：博士学位对就业的影响、博士教育在职业生活所需技能层面的实用性，以及工作满意度。调查首先询问了受访者在调查开展时的职业状态。问卷涵盖的问题包括：博士学位是否提升了薪资水平与职场地位、博士学位是否为受访者当前职位的必要任职条件，以及受访者在毕业后是否曾处于失业状态。后续问题进一步询问了多项技能与专业知识在受访者当前工作中的重要程度，以及博士阶段学习对这些技能的培养效果，例如所在领域的理论与实践知识、问题解决能力、管理技能、谈判技巧、项目管理能力，以及科学传播能力。调查还征集了受访者对于博士教育及其他高等教育、工作经验、人脉网络与其他技能在职场中重要性的看法。受访者被问及博士阶段学业的资金来源，例如通过大学或其他研究机构雇佣任职获取薪酬，或是以个人研究资助金完成学业。最后，调查还了解了受访者是以全日制、非全日制，或是在兼顾其他工作的业余时间完成博士学位攻读的。本次调查的背景变量包括受访者的性别、研究领域、雇主行业、组织内职位，以及毕业时的年龄（以35岁及以下/36岁及以上进行二分分类）。