Multi-year monitoring data of subsurface water conditions for Dutch canal dikes

This dataset consists of subsurface water measurements (soil moisture and hydraulic head levels) from a monitoring network for canal dikes with different characteristics in the western Netherlands. Subsoil and geometric information of the canal dikes and meteorological data is made available as well. The first three years of measurements, from spring 2020 until March 2023, and site-specific information are made available. The data include two extremely dry summers (2020 and 2022).<br>The following data are made available:Soil moisture content, soil temperature and soil salinity data (time series)Hydraulic head data (time series)Local rainfall and potential evaporation (time series)Cross-sectional profile (elevation profile from survey)Bore profiles and soil characteristics data (soil description and laboratory) The network monitors soil moisture and soil temperature in the unsaturated zone at every dike with 10-12 sensors at every location, with additional information about salinity in the crest of the dike. The sensors are installed at various positions within the cross-sectional profile at different depths. The positions of the sensors are generally at depths of 20, 50, 75 and 120cm below the surface. However, in some instances, we diverge from this set-up for practical considerations (high groundwater levels or subsoil conditions (e.g. gravel layers) making readings irrelevant or sensors difficult to install). The logging time interval is set to 1 hour.<br>The network has been operational since spring 2020 and the measurements are ongoing.<br>Authors appreciate being informed when using the data. New data will be added to the collection.

本数据集包含荷兰西部不同特征渠堤监测网络的地下水测量数据（土壤含水率与水力水头），同步提供渠堤的地下土层与几何结构信息及气象数据。本次公开的观测数据涵盖2020年春季至2023年3月的三年时长，同时附带各监测点位的专属场地信息。数据包含2020年与2022年两个极端干旱夏季的观测结果。

本次公开的数据包括：
1. 土壤含水率（soil moisture content）、土壤温度与土壤盐度时序数据；
2. 水力水头（hydraulic head）时序数据；
3. 局地降雨与潜在蒸发量时序数据；
4. 断面剖面（由测绘获取的高程剖面）；
5. 钻孔剖面与土壤特性数据（含土壤描述与实验室分析结果）。

该监测网络在每座渠堤的非饱和带布设土壤含水率与温度传感器，每个测点部署10至12个传感器，同时额外采集渠堤堤顶的盐度信息。传感器被布置在断面剖面内不同深度的位置，常规布设深度为地表下20cm、50cm、75cm及120cm。但出于实际考量（如地下水位过高、砾石层等岩土条件导致测量无效，或传感器安装困难），部分测点的布设方案会偏离该标准。数据记录间隔设置为1小时。

该监测网络自2020年春季起投入运行，目前观测工作仍在持续。
使用者若使用本数据集，敬请告知作者。后续将有新的数据追加至该数据集集合中。