A Recipe for Geophysical Exploration of Enceladus

Orbital geophysical investigations of Enceladus are critical to understanding its energy balance. We identified key science questions for the geophysical exploration of Enceladus, answering which would support future assessment of Enceladus' astrobiological potential. Using a Bayesian framework, we explored how science requirements map to measurement requirements. We performed mission simulations to study the sensitivity of a single spacecraft and dual spacecraft congurations to static gravity and tidal Love numbers of Enceladus. We find that mapping Enceladus' gravity eld, improving the accuracy of the physical libration amplitude, and measuring Enceladus' tidal response would provide critical constraints on the internal structure, and establish a framework for assessing Enceladus' longterm habitability. This kind of investigation could be carried out as part of a life search mission at little additional resource requirements.