藏南地区湖泊的成因与演变（1966-1968）

藏南地区的湖泊成因与演变受到了多种地理和地质因素的影响，数据来源于珠穆朗玛峰地区科学考察报告《现代冰川与地貌》（1975）。在雅鲁藏布江以南至喜马拉雅山北坡的广阔区域内，初步统计显示该地区共有38个大小湖泊，湖水总面积约为2300平方公里。此外，还有众多未计算在内的小型冰斗湖和现代冰川附近的冰破小湖，尽管这些湖泊面积较小，但数量相当可观。湖泊的形成主要是由于河床的上升以及堆积物在河谷中堵塞，最终导致河流与湖泊的分离。随着沟口洪积扇不断向河谷延伸，河道最终被堵塞，从而形成湖泊。羊卓雍湖被推测可能是在多次冰川泥石流暴发时阻塞形成的。湖区内还遗留着许多古冰川的痕迹，冰川作用对湖区地貌的影响有待进一步研究。该数据集以Excel格式存储，包含一张工作簿，涵盖湖泊面积深度表及藏南地区湖泊分布图。这一数据集为第一次青藏科学考察的数据数字化整理成果，为湖泊成因与演变的研究提供了重要的基础数据。The genesis and evolution of lakes in the Southern Tibet region are driven by a variety of geographical and geological factors. The dataset is sourced from the 1975 scientific expedition report *Modern Glaciers and Landforms* of the Mount Qomolangma (Everest) region. Within the vast area extending south of the Yarlung Tsangpo River to the northern slope of the Himalayas, preliminary statistics reveal a total of 38 lakes of varying sizes, with a combined surface area of approximately 2,300 square kilometers. Additionally, there are numerous uncounted small cirque lakes and ice-dammed lakes located near modern glaciers; though these lakes are small in scale, they exist in considerable quantities. Lake formation primarily stems from river bed uplift and sediment accumulation blocking river valleys, ultimately separating rivers from the resulting lakes. As alluvial fans at gully mouths progressively extend into river valleys, river channels are eventually blocked, giving rise to new lakes. Yamdrok Tso is speculated to have formed via blockages caused by multiple episodes of glacial debris flows. Many relics of ancient glaciation remain within the lake region, and the impact of glacial processes on the landforms of this area warrants further investigation. This dataset is stored in Excel format, containing a single worksheet that includes the lake area and depth table as well as the lake distribution map of the Southern Tibet region. As a product of digitized data collation from the First Qinghai-Tibet Scientific Expedition, this dataset provides critical foundational data for research on the genesis and evolution of lakes.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于藏南地区湖泊的成因与演变，基于1966-1968年及1959-1960年的科学考察数据，涵盖雅鲁藏布江以南至喜马拉雅山北坡区域，统计了38个主要湖泊（总面积约2300平方公里）及众多小型湖泊。数据以Excel格式提供，包括湖泊面积深度表和分布图，揭示了湖泊形成主要受河床上升、堆积物堵塞和冰川作用影响，是第一次青藏科学考察的数字化成果，为湖泊地质研究提供基础支持。