bee prepupa with DWV injection

The experimental setup includes a control group and five virus concentration gradient treatment groups. 24 healthy Western honeybee larvae with consistent reproductive stages were selected from each group, and 3 biological replicates were set up. The total number of experimental larvae was 144. A micro syringe made of a white pipette tip connected to a capillary tube was used for mild puncture injection. The needle was strictly controlled at 90 to 100 microns after microscopic examination, and 2 micro-liters of virus solution was injected into the middle section of bee larvae to simulate the natural transmission route of Varroa destructor. Accurately control the injection volume and force during the injection process. After injection, immediately transfer the larvae to a constant temperature incubator at 34.5 Celsius and relative humidity to resume feeding. The feeding conditions are exactly the same as the control group, and the survival of the larvae is recorded continuously for 60 hours.