Dynamics of skin microbial communities of acne with the disease time in the skin pore and surface

Skin microbial communities are considered to play an essential role in the development of acne. However, the majority of studies have focused on the area or degree of acne on the skin surface or pore. This study aimed to characterize the dynamics of microbial communities of skin pores and surfaces on acne with the disease time. In this study, a total of 70 skin samples from 21 subjects were collected and divided into 7 groups based on skin pores and surfaces, and disease time. By 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing, skin microbial structure was characterized. Results showed a significant difference in beta diversity and a shift in compositions of 4-6y group on the skin surface. While the diversities were similar and the compositions were stable in skin pores over the disease time. Cutibacterium was the dominant genus on the skin surface within 3 years and in skin pores, while Staphylococcus was the dominant genus in 4-6y group on the skin surfaces. Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, and Acinetobacter were the differential abundant genera on the skin surface. The co-occurrence network in each group had an trend both in the skin pores and surfaces, especially great clusters in the 4-6y group. Overall, these findings could provide referential meaning for recovering the natural commensal communities of the patients.