Transcriptomic Studies on Purpureocillium lilacinum Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Fluconazole and Itraconazole

Purpureocillium lilacinum, a filamentous fungus, is considering an emerging pathogen. It can infect imunocompromised and imunocompetent humans and shows resistance against several azole antifungal molecules. Although azole resistance mechanisms are studied in Aspergillus sp. and Candida sp., there is no study reporting P. lilacinum molecular responses against these molecules so far. Transcriptomic results showed gene expression modulations when P. lilacinum is challenged in two conditions, with fluconazole (64 µg/mL) and itraconazole (16 µg/mL) antifungals until 12 hours of execution. This information could be important to support the decision power about treatment strategies in situations of P. lilacinum infection.