Role of soil moisture gradients in favouring mesoscale convective systems in East China

Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) play a crucial role in summer precipitation in East China. Understanding the impact of soil moisture (SM) on MCSs is essential for improving rainfall prediction and projection, especially as climate change intensifies SM heterogeneity in the region. Using convection-permitting simulations spanning 22 summers, we analyze how SM gradients influence the development and propagation of MCSs. The dataset and code provided are used to generate the research findings.