THE PROBLEM OF THE EXISTENCE OF MATTER: PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

This article comprehensively analyzes the problem of the existence of matter from a philosophical point of view. The principles of sensory data, the objective existence of the external world, the methodology of doubt and the epistemological foundations of knowledge are widely covered. The level of reliability of knowledge is critically assessed based on the method of systematic doubt put forward by René Descartes. Also, idealistic views that deny the existence of external objects are considered and their logical limits are revealed. The article attempts to substantiate the existence of the external world based on the principle of simplicity, intersubjectivity and criteria of scientific knowledge.