Homeostasis by grain weight from soft winter wheat plants 2021-2023

The results of three-year research (2021–2023) are presented on the evaluation of homeostatic stability in soft winter wheat varieties of different ecotypes (forest-steppe, steppe, and Western European) based on the grain mass per plant. It was established that the level of expression of grain mass per plant varies considerably depending on genotype. The highest homeostatic index values were recorded in the Western European ecotype varieties Fidelius (Hom = 59) and Actor (Hom = 36), as well as in the forest-steppe ecotype variety Zorepad Bilotserkivskyi (Hom = 33), which correlates with low variance values (S²). The variation limits (Lim) and mean grain mass values were analyzed, enabling the identification of the most promising varieties for further breeding work aimed at achieving stable productivity under variable environmental conditions. Homeostatic ability (Hom) was calculated according to V. V. Khangildyn and M. A. Lytvynenko (1981): Hom = x² / S, where: Hom – homeostatic ability; x² – the mean value of the studied trait squared; S – standard deviation.