The LTB4-BLT1 axis attenuates influenza-induced lung inflammation by suppressing NLRP3 activation

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection remains a significant global health concern and economic burden. Immunoregulatory therapy represents a potential adjunct to conventional antiviral treatments. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), an established immune regulator, has been shown to confer protection in various disease contexts. However, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in the context of IAV infection remain poorly understood. To investigate this, we isolated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from two mice, which were then pooled for transcriptomic analysis. This study comprised three groups: a mock infection group, an IAV infection group, and an IAV infection group supplemented with LTB4. The virus strain we used was Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1).