Supplementary Material Zooplankton and micronekton active flux around the Iberian Peninsula [Dataset]

SM1. Study area: The south of the Mallorca channel (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean, Z1) is characterized by the oligotrophy of its waters but considered as a hotspot of biological activity and biodiversity in the deep-sea (Massutí et al., 2021). In contrast, the Alborán Sea (Z2), unlike the general oligotrophy dominating most of the Mediterranean, holds two anticyclonic gyres of high biological productivity (Bárcena et al., 2004). This area together with the Gulf of Cádiz (Z3) is considered a transition zone between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, with water-mass exchange through the Strait of Gibraltar. This region couples the convergence of critical water masses regarding the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation with a semi-permanent upwelling regime, itself connected to the larger dynamic cells off northwest Africa (Penaud et al., 2016). The area off Lisbon (Portugal, Z4) is characterized by a coastal upwelling, intensified during the summer when upwelled waters occupy the surface layers over the whole western shelf and part of the upper slope off Portugal (Fiuza, 1983). This scenario is also found in the Galician coast (Z5), showing upwelling favorable conditions during spring-summer (Villegas-Ríos et al., 2011). [...]