Vital Signs: List Rents – by metro

VITAL SIGNS INDICATOR
List Rents (EC9)

FULL MEASURE NAME
List Rents

LAST UPDATED
October 2016

DESCRIPTION
List rent refers to the advertised rents for available rental housing and serves as a measure of housing costs for new households moving into a neighborhood, city, county or region.

DATA SOURCE
real Answers
(1994 – 2015)
no link

Zillow
Metro Median Listing Price All Homes (2010-2016)
http://www.zillow.com/research/data/

CONTACT INFORMATION
[e-mail]

METHODOLOGY NOTES (across all datasets for this indicator)
List rents data reflects median rent prices advertised for available apartments rather than median rent payments; more information is available in the indicator definition above. Regional and local geographies rely on data collected by real Answers, a research organization and database publisher specializing in the multifamily housing market. real Answers focuses on collecting longitudinal data for individual rental properties through quarterly surveys. For the Bay Area, their database is comprised of properties with 40 to 3,000+ housing units. Median list prices most likely have an upward bias due to the exclusion of smaller properties. The bias may be most extreme in geographies where large rental properties represent a small portion of the overall rental market. A map of the individual properties surveyed is included in the Local Focus section.

Individual properties surveyed provided lower- and upper-bound ranges for the various types of housing available (studio, 1 bedroom, 2 bedroom, etc.). Median lower- and upper-bound prices are determined across all housing types for the regional and county geographies. The median list price represented in Vital Signs is the average of the median lower- and upper-bound prices for the region and counties. Median upper-bound prices are determined across all housing types for the city geographies. The median list price represented in Vital Signs is the median upper-bound price for cities. For simplicity, only the mean list rent is displayed for the individual properties. The metro areas geography rely upon Zillow data, which is the median price for rentals listed through www.zillow.com during the month. Like the real Answers data, Zillow's median list prices most likely have an upward bias since small properties are underrepresented in Zillow's listings. The metro area data for the Bay Area cannot be compared to the regional Bay Area data. Due to afore mentioned data limitations, this data is suitable for analyzing the change in list rents over time but not necessarily comparisons of absolute list rents. Metro area boundaries reflects today’s metro area definitions by county for consistency, rather than historical metro area boundaries.

Due to the limited number of rental properties surveyed, city-level data is unavailable for Atherton, Belvedere, Brisbane, Calistoga, Clayton, Cloverdale, Cotati, Fairfax, Half Moon Bay, Healdsburg, Hillsborough, Los Altos Hills, Monte Sereno, Moranga, Oakley, Orinda, Portola Valley, Rio Vista, Ross, San Anselmo, San Carlos, Saratoga, Sebastopol, Windsor, Woodside, and Yountville.

Inflation-adjusted data are presented to illustrate how rents have grown relative to overall price increases; that said, the use of the Consumer Price Index does create some challenges given the fact that housing represents a major chunk of consumer goods bundle used to calculate CPI. This reflects a methodological tradeoff between precision and accuracy and is a common concern when working with any commodity that is a major component of CPI itself. Percent change in inflation-adjusted median is calculated with respect to the median price from the fourth quarter or December of the base year.

生命体征指标
租赁价格（EC9）

完整指标名称
租赁价格

最后更新
2016年10月

描述
租赁价格指针对可供出租的住房所发布的广告租金，该指标作为新迁入邻里、城市、县或地区的家庭住房成本的一个衡量标准。

数据来源
real Answers（1994 – 2015年）
无链接

Zillow
全美城市中位数挂牌价格（2010-2016年）
http://www.zillow.com/research/data/

联系方式
[e-mail]

方法论说明（适用于所有该指标的数据库）
租赁价格数据反映了可供出租公寓的广告中位数租金价格，而非中位数租金支付；有关更多信息，请参阅上述指标定义。区域和地方地理空间依赖于real Answers收集的数据，real Answers是一家专注于多家庭住房市场的科研机构和数据库出版商。real Answers专注于通过季度调查收集单个租赁物业的纵向数据。对于旧金山湾区，其数据库包括40至3,000个以上住宅单元的物业。由于排除了较小的物业，中位数挂牌价格可能存在向上的偏差。在大型租赁物业在整体租赁市场中占比较小的地方，这种偏差可能最为显著。Local Focus部分包含所调查单个物业的地图。

被调查的个别物业提供了各种类型住房（单间、一室、两室等）的上下限范围。对于区域和县地理空间，所有住房类型的中位数上下限价格被确定。Vital Signs中代表的中位数挂牌价格是区域和县的中位数上下限价格的算术平均值。对于城市地理空间，中位数挂牌价格是所有住房类型的中位数上限价格。为了简化，仅显示个别物业的平均挂牌租金。都市地区地理空间依赖于Zillow数据，该数据为该月通过www.zillow.com列出的租赁的中位数价格。与real Answers数据类似，由于Zillow的列表中未充分代表小型物业，Zillow的中位数挂牌价格可能也存在向上的偏差。由于上述数据限制，这些数据适用于分析挂牌租金随时间的变化，但不一定适用于绝对挂牌租金的比较。都市地区边界反映了以县为单位的当前都市地区定义，以确保一致性，而不是历史都市地区边界。

由于调查的租赁物业数量有限，Atherton、Belvedere、Brisbane、Calistoga、Clayton、Cloverdale、Cotati、Fairfax、Half Moon Bay、Healdsburg、Hillsborough、Los Altos Hills、Monte Sereno、Moranga、Oakley、Orinda、Portola Valley、Rio Vista、Ross、San Anselmo、San Carlos、Saratoga、Sebastopol、Windsor、Woodside和Yountville等城市的城市级数据不可用。

通货膨胀调整后的数据用于说明租金相对于总体价格增长的情况；然而，由于住房是用于计算消费者价格指数（CPI）的消费商品组合中的主要部分，因此使用消费者价格指数确实存在一些挑战。这反映了精度与准确性之间的方法论权衡，并且在处理任何本身就是CPI主要组成部分的商品时，这是一个常见的担忧。通货膨胀调整后的中位数百分比变化是以基准年的第四季度或十二月的中位数价格为基准计算的。