A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ARABIC AND UZBEK SENTENCE STRUCTURE

This article presents a comparative analysis of sentence structure in Arabic and Uzbek, focusing on the major syntactic features that distinguish the two languages as well as the structural similarities that facilitate comparative linguistic analysis. Although Arabic and Uzbek belong to different language families and have developed within different linguistic and cultural environments, both languages demonstrate systematic principles of sentence organization. Arabic belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family, whereas Uzbek belongs to the Turkic language family. The structural differences between the two languages are particularly visible in word order, nominal and verbal sentences, agreement, case marking, definiteness, subject–predicate relations, and the expression of grammatical relationships. The study examines the basic sentence patterns of both languages and compares their syntactic functions. Particular attention is paid to the relatively flexible word order of Arabic and the predominantly Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) pattern of Uzbek. The article also discusses Arabic verbal and nominal sentences and compares them with the corresponding constructions in Uzbek. The findings demonstrate that differences in grammatical typology strongly influence sentence formation, while certain functional similarities provide useful opportunities for language learners, translators, and teachers. The comparative perspective presented in this study can contribute to a better understanding of Arabic and Uzbek syntax and may be particularly useful in contrastive linguistics and foreign-language education