Designing a facade by biomimicry science to effectively control an atmosphere in buildings (natural light issue)

Modern architectural designs often favor the use of transparent materials such as glass panels for their aesthetic appeal, but this can lead to an overabundance of sunlight infiltrating interior spaces, potentially diminishing office workers' productivity. This thesis develops and evaluates biomimicry-inspired kinetic facades to optimize natural light, enhance indoor lighting, and improve occupants' comfort. Drawing inspiration from DNA structures, the Eshelby twist, and phototropism, the study investigates facade forms and movements, assessing performance metrics such as Daylight Factor (DF), glare, LEED v4.1 compliance, visual quality, circadian lighting, and human circulation. The research employed tools such as Rhino, Grasshopper, Wallacei, PedSim, and Climate Studio to develop and test various facades, with a particular focus on a kinetic facade featuring a twisting movement. This design dynamically adapts to environmental conditions, optimizing natural light and minimizing glare. Key findings indicate that optimizing twist angles up to 100° significantly enhances sunlight regulation. The kinetic facades (version 2: twisting movement) outperform static and glass facades in light distribution, glare control, visual quality, user satisfaction, circadian lighting, and human circulation, surpassing the rotating-movement design (version 1). The kinetic facades (version 2) also encourage users to choose workspaces near windows, as shown by human circulation patterns. Real-world tests confirm the efficacy of the kinetic facades (version 2), reducing excessive light exposure and complying with LEED standards. Integrating biomimicry principles into facade design offers adaptive, efficient, and sustainable building solutions. Future research should explore advanced computational techniques, material innovations, smart building integration, extended testing, and energy efficiency improvements. This work sets a new standard for architectural innovation, promoting healthier and more efficient spaces.