Neonatal and childhood major outcomes at birth and 1–5 years old according to maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain categories.

Data represent mean (SE), or percentage.a, Adjusted for maternal age, family history of diabetes, education, family income, gestational diabetes treatment during pregnancy, gestational weeks of birth and infant feeding.b, Adjusted for above variables and also birth weight for length for gestational age Z score.* P # P^ P& P for groups of D and E;† P ‡ PNeonatal and childhood major outcomes at birth and 1–5 years old according to maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain categories.