Demographic characteristics of HCPs.

BackgroundFood-drug interactions (FDIs) are a significant clinical concern, impacting the effectiveness and safety of treatments. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) play a crucial role in minimizing these risks through appropriate patient education. The Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH) in Ghana serves a large patient population with varying medication needs. However, there is limited data on the knowledge and attitudes of HCPs regarding FDIs in this setting.AimThis study assessed and modelled the knowledge and attitudes of HCPs towards FDIs at HTH.MethodologyA cross-sectional survey of 300 HCPs, including medical doctors, pharmacists, nurses, midwives, and dietitians, was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests, logistic regression models and path analysis.ResultsThe mean knowledge score on FDIs was 27.52 (SD = 8.71) out of 61, indicating low knowledge. Pharmacists scored the highest, while profession and sex significantly influenced knowledge levels (p p = 0.038). HCPs who attended FDI training (aOR = 1.83; p = 0.027) and Christians (aOR = 2.17; p = 0.048) displayed more favorable attitudes. The mediation analysis revealed that knowledge of alcohol-drug interactions influences overall attitudes through pathways involving knowledge of drug-food time intervals.ConclusionKnowledge of FDIs among HCPs is inadequate, with significant variability across professions. Pharmacists demonstrated the highest knowledge levels, while overall attitudes varied by sex, training, and religious affiliation. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational programs and training for HCPs regarding FDIs.