Method for the post-occupation technical evaluation of the quality of social housing communal areas

Abstract Several housing programs have been conceived and implemented in the last few decades in Brazil, with the aim to reduce the housing shortage. Despite the efforts to develop social housing, a substantial share of projects has had quality failures in the use phase, which represent costs to society. Previous research has been limited to the evaluation of housing units, leaving a gap in the evaluation of the communal areas of housing projects. This research study proposes a method to evaluate the quality of communal areas of social housing projects. By using Design Science Research as a methodological approach, tools for data collection and metrics for construction pathologies and non-conformities in communal areas were proposed. The method considers requirements of building performance and accessibility technical standards, and covers the evaluation to three elements of communal areas: building facades, sidewalks and parking spaces, and internal circulation areas of buildings. The method was tested on a sample of 10 social housing projects in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The main contribution of this investigation is the development of the method for the evaluation of communal areas, which can be used to assess the technical quality of those areas in a fast and standardised way.

摘要：近几十年来，巴西构思并实施了多项住房计划，旨在缓解住房短缺问题。尽管致力于发展社会住房，但在使用阶段，大量项目在质量上存在缺陷，这些缺陷对社会构成成本。先前的研究主要局限于对住房单元的评估，而在住房项目公共区域的评估方面尚存在空白。本研究提出了一种评估社会住房项目公共区域质量的方法。通过采用设计科学研究作为方法论途径，提出了用于数据收集的工具以及用于评估公共区域建筑病害和非合规性的指标。该方法考虑了建筑性能和可达性技术标准的要求，并涵盖了公共区域三个要素的评估：建筑立面、人行道和停车位，以及建筑内部通行区域。该方法在巴西圣保罗州波尔图阿雷格雷大都会地区的10个社会住房项目样本上进行了测试。本研究的核心贡献在于开发了评估公共区域的方法，该方法可用于快速且标准化地评估这些区域的技术质量。