SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC ISSUES IN THE UZBEK TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH IDIOMS (AI-BASED AND HUMAN TRANSLATION)

This study explores the semantic and pragmatic obstacles involved in translating English idioms into Uzbek using AI-based tools and human translators. Idioms are frequently associated with figurative meanings, cultural references, and context-bound subtleties that cannot be understood literally when translated word-for-word. The analysis highlights that AI-generated translations are primarily based on direct translation, which frequently leads to semantic inaccuracies and the loss of metaphorical meaning. Moreover, certain pragmatic gaps emerge due to inadequate cultural and contextual adaptation. Conversely, professional human translation ensures enhanced semantic clarity and pragmatic relevance by employing contextual insight and culturally adapted expressions. The research makes a crucial contribution to the field of translation theory by emphasizing not only the formal strengths but also the interpretive limitations of machine translation in processing idiomatic usage. It stresses the ongoing significance of human linguistic proficiency and cultural competence in ensuring accurate interpretation and natural idiomatic translation.