Habitat characteristics and survey effort at each site.

Note: S = Sumatra, B = Borneo, GP = Gunung Palung, AB = alluvial bench, LS = lowland sandstone, LG = lowland granite forest, TP = Tanjung Puting. For some sites there is no sample area as the area in which the trees were located was not measured. Rainfall data from the references in the method section for each site except for Tanjung Puting [75].*in Ketambe total plot area was extended to 1.6 ha in 1997.